There is quite a bit of controversy surrounding the breeding of mutant big cats. Ever-popular white tigers are usually severely inbred. The extremely rare Maltese Tiger, which was bluish-gray in color, died naturally and is no longer seen wild or captive environments. Another very rare mutation-- the white lion-- is also legendary but controversial.
Historically, white lions have been viewed as mystical and fascinating. Native to the Timbavati region of South Africa, and seen exclusively in the Kruger subspecies of lion, the white lion was once viewed as a divine omen and a bearer of good fortune. Because of their amazing beauty, they still attract the attention of people throughout the world.
White lions are not albino. Rather, they possess a trait known as leucism, which causes them to lack some, but not all, pigmentation. Traits similar to leucism cause blonde ferrets, piebald birds, and white peacocks. Unlike albinism, which almost always includes serious health problems such as skin disease and poor eyesight, leucism can occur in white lions and other animals without increasing the risk of other health problems
Some irresponsible breeders have created horrifically inbred strains of white tiger for use in canned hunts and shows. Although these animals often have health problems due to multi-generational inbreeding, the health problems are not explicitly related to leucism itself. These activities are inarguably unethical, but there are responsible ways to breed these beautiful creatures.
Several small-scale conservatories have attempted to carry out scientific, humane and pro-environmental operations for breeding white tigers. A few of them have even been rehabilitated and released into the wild. However, these responsible operations are sparse. Zoos and ethically legitimate shows should guarantee that their stock comes from healthy white tiger populations.
Currently, there are only about 300 white lions in the world. Most of these are captive, but a small pride has been re-introduced to the Timbavati region of South Africa, where the animals are thriving. To support the continued health and research of the white tiger, visit the Global White Lion Protection Trust.